SALL4 (EP299)

SALL4 is a zinc finger transcription factor. Anti-SALL4 demonstrates 100% sensitivity and stains more than 90% tumor cells in all intratubular germ cell neoplasia1-3, seminomas/ dysgerminomas, embryonal carcinomas, and yolk sac tumor (YST) (both pediatric and postpubertal). Anti-SALL4 also stains most cases of teratoma and the mononucleated trophoblastic cells in choriocarcinomas. In contrast, non-germ cell tumors show no anti- SALL4 staining. Most non-testicular tumors from various organs and sites are negative for anti-SALL4, though an occasional carcinoma or sarcoma may show weak anti-SALL4 staining in less than 25% of tumor cells. In normal testicular tissue, positive, weak anti-SALL4 staining is observed in spermatogonia. In addition, a few (<5%) primary spermatocytes showed dot-like weak anti-SALL4 staining. Secondary spermatocytes, spermatids, spermatozoa, and Sertoli cells are negative for anti-SALL4. Leydig cells, rete testis, epididymis, spermatic cord fibroblasts, blood vessels, and hematopoietic cells are negative for anti-SALL4.1-2